Iyo Spanning Tree Protocol, dzimwe nguva inongonzi Spanning Tree, ndiyo Waze kana MapQuest yemazuva ano Ethernet network, inotungamira traffic munzira inonyatso shanda zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo-nguva.
Kubva pane algorithm yakagadzirwa neAmerican computer science Radia Perlman paaishandira Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) muna 1985, chinangwa chikuru cheSpanning Tree ndechekudzivirira hukama husina basa uye kuvharika kwenzira dzekutaurirana mukugadzirisa kwakaoma kwenetiweki. Sebasa rechipiri, Spanning Tree inogona kufambisa mapaketi akatenderedza nzvimbo dzine dambudziko kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kutaurirana kunokwanisa kufamba nema network angangove ari kusangana nekuvhiringwa.
Spinning Tree topology vs. Ring topology
Masangano paakanga achangotanga kubatanidza makomputa avo muma1980s, imwe yegadziriro yainyanyozivikanwa yaive network yering. Semuenzaniso, IBM yakaunza tekinoroji yeToken Ring tekinoroji muna 1985.
Mune ring network topology, imwe node inobatana nemamwe maviri, imwe inogara pamberi payo parin'i uye imwe yakamira kumashure kwayo. Zviratidzo zvinongotenderera mhete munzira imwe chete, node imwe neimwe munzira ichipa chero mapakeji akatenderedza mhete.
Nepo mambure emaringi akareruka achishanda zvakanaka kana pachingova nemakomputa mashoma, mhete dzinoshaya basa kana mazana kana zviuru zvezvishandiso zvawedzerwa kunetiweki. Kombiyuta ingangoda kutumira mapaketi kuburikidza nemazana emanodhi kungogovana ruzivo neimwe imwe sisitimu mune imwe kamuri iri padyo. Bandwidth uye throughput zvakare inova dambudziko kana traffic inogona kungoyerera munzira imwe chete, isina chirongwa chekuchengetedza kana node munzira ikatsemuka kana kuzara zvakanyanya.
Mumakore ekuma90, sezvo Ethernet yakawedzera nekukurumidza (100Mbit/sec. Fast Ethernet yakaunzwa muna 1995) uye mutengo weEthernet network (mabhiriji, switch, cabling) wakava wakachipa zvakanyanya pane Chiratidzo Ring, Spanning Tree yakakunda LAN topology war uye Chiratidzo. Ring yakakurumidza kupera.
Mashandiro Anoita Muti Wokutandavara
Spanning Tree iprotocol yekuendesa kune data packet. Icho chikamu chimwe chetraffic cop uye chikamu chimwe cheinjiniya yenetiweki migwagwa iyo data inofamba nayo. Iyo inogara paLayer 2 (data link layer), saka inongove nehanya nekufambisa mapaketi kuenda kwaanofanirwa kuenda, kwete rudzi rwemapakiti ari kutumirwa, kana iyo data yaainayo.
Spanning Tree yave yakawanda kwazvo zvekuti kushandiswa kwayo kunotsanangurwa muIEEE 802.1D networking standard. Sezvinotsanangurwa muyero, nzira imwe chete inoshanda inogona kuvapo pakati pechero magumo maviri kana zviteshi kuitira kuti vashande nemazvo.
Spanning Tree yakagadzirirwa kubvisa mukana wekuti data inopfuura pakati petiweki zvikamu zvinonamira muchiuno. Kazhinji, zvishwe zvinovhiringa algorithm yekutumira yakaiswa mumatiweki etiweki, zvichiita kuti mudziyo usazive kwekutumira mapaketi. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kudzokororwa kwemafuremu kana kuendeswa mberi kwemapaketi akadhindwa kunzvimbo dzakawanda. Mharidzo dzinogona kudzokororwa. Kukurukurirana kunogona kudzokera kune anotumira. Inogona kutopaza network kana zvishwe zvakawandisa zvichitanga kuitika, zvichidya bandwidth pasina chero chinoyemurika chinowanikwa uchivharira mamwe asina-looped traffic kuti asapfuura.
Iyo Spanning Muti Protocolinomisa zvishwe kubva pakuumbwanekuvhara zvese kunze kweimwe nzira inogoneka yega yega data packet. Shanduko pane network inoshandisa Spanning Tree kutsanangura nzira dzemidzi uye mabhiriji uko data rinogona kufamba, uye kushanda nekuvhara nzira dzakadzokororwa, zvichiita kuti isashande uye isingashandiswe nepo nzira yekutanga iripo.
Mhedzisiro yacho ndeyekuti kufambiswa kwenetiweki kunofamba zvisina mutsetse zvisinei nekuoma kana kukura kwakaita network. Neimwe nzira, Spanning Tree inogadzira nzira imwe chete kuburikidza netiweki yedata yekufamba uchishandisa software nenzira yakafanana neiyo mainjiniya etiweki akashandisa Hardware pane yekare loop network.
Mamwe Mabhenefiti eSpaning Tree
Chikonzero chikuru cheSpanning Tree inoshandiswa kubvisa mukana wekufambisa zvishwe mukati metiweki. Asi pane zvimwe zvakanakirawo.
Nekuti Spanning Tree inogara ichitsvaga nekutsanangura kuti ndedzipi nzira dzenetiweki dziripo dzekuti data pakiti ifambe nadzo, inogona kuona kana node yakagara padivi peimwe yeidzo nzira dzekutanga yakaremara. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana kubva pakukundikana kwehardware kusvika kune itsva network kumisikidza. Inogona kunge iri mamiriro enguva pfupi yakavakirwa pabandwidth kana zvimwe zvinhu.
Kana Spanning Tree yaona kuti nzira yekutanga haichashande, inogona kukurumidza kuvhura imwe nzira yanga yakavharwa kare. Inogona kutumira data yakatenderedza nzvimbo ine dambudziko, pakupedzisira ichigadzira nzira yekutsauka senzira nyowani yekutanga, kana kutumira mapaketi kudzoka kubhiriji rekutanga kana rawanikwa zvakare.
Kunyange zvazvo Muti wepakutanga weSpanning waikurumidza kugadzira hukama hutsva sezvinodiwa, muna 2001 IEEE yakaunza Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP). Iyo inonziwo 802.1w vhezheni yeprotocol, RSTP yakagadzirirwa kupa zvakanyanya kukurumidza kupora mukupindura kune network shanduko, kubuda kwenguva pfupi kana kutadza zvachose kwezvikamu.
Uye nepo RSTP yakaunza nzira nyowani yekuchinjisa maitiro uye bhiriji chiteshi mabasa kuti ikurumidze kuita, yakagadzirwa zvakare kuti inyatso dzokera kumashure inoenderana neyekutanga Spanning Tree. Saka zvinogoneka kuti midziyo ine ese ari maviri shanduro yeprotocol ishande pamwe chete pane imwechete network.
Kukanganisa kweSpaning Tree
Nepo Spanning Tree yave kutekeshera mukati memakore akawanda zvichitevera kuunzwa kwayo, kune vanopokana kutinguva yasvika. Mhosva huru yeSpanning Tree ndeyekuti inovhara zvishwe zvingangoitika mukati metiweki nekuvhara nzira dzinogona kufamba data. Mune chero network yakapihwa uchishandisa Spanning Tree, ingangoita 40% yenzira dzinogona kuitika network dzakavharwa kune data.
Munzvimbo dzakaomesesa dze network, dzakadai sedzinowanikwa mukati me data centers, kugona kukwira nekukasira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa kwakakosha. Pasina zvipimo zvakaiswa neSpanning Tree, nzvimbo dzedata dzinogona kuvhura yakawanda bandwidth pasina kudiwa kwekuwedzera networking hardware. Iyi imhando yemamiriro ezvinhu anokatyamadza, nekuti nharaunda dzakaomarara dzetiweki ndosaka Spanning Tree yakagadzirwa. Uye ikozvino dziviriro inopihwa neprotocol kubva pakukanda, neimwe nzira, inobata iyo nharaunda kumashure kubva pakugona kwavo kuzere.
Shanduro yakacheneswa yeprotocol inonzi Multiple-Instance Spanning Tree (MSTP) yakagadziridzwa kuti ishandise maLAN chaiwo uye kuita kuti nzira dzakawanda dzenetiweki dzivhurwe panguva imwe chete, dzichiri kudzivirira zvishwe kubva pakuumbwa. Asi kunyangwe neMSTP, akati wandei angangoita data nzira dzinoramba dzakavharwa pane chero yakapihwa network inoshandisa iyo protocol.
Pakave nezvakawanda zvisiri-yakajairwa, zvakazvimiririra kuedza kuvandudza bandwidth kurambidzwa kweSpanning Tree mumakore apfuura. Nepo vagadziri vevamwe vavo vakati vakabudirira mukuedza kwavo, mazhinji haaenderane zvachose neiyo core protocol, zvichireva kuti masangano anofanirwa kushandisa shanduko dzisiri dzakamisikidzwa pamidziyo yavo yese kana kutsvaga imwe nzira yekuvatendera kuti vavepo. maswichi anomhanya mureza Spanning Tree. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mari yekuchengetedza nekutsigira akawanda maflavour eSpanning Tree haina kukodzera kuedza.
Muti Unotumbuka Ucharamba Uripo Mune Ramangwana Here?
Kunze kwezvipimo mu bandwidth nekuda kweSpanning Tree kuvhara network nzira, hapana kufunga kwakawanda kana kuedza kuri kuiswa mukutsiva protocol. Kunyangwe IEEE ichipota ichiburitsa zvigadziriso kuyedza nekuita kuti inyatsoita, inogara ichidzokera kumashure inoenderana neshanduro dziripo dzeprotocol.
Neimwe nzira, Spanning Tree inotevedzera mutemo wekuti "Kana isina kutyorwa, usagadzirise." Spanning Tree inomhanya yakazvimiririra kumashure kweakawanda network kuchengetedza traffic kuyerera, kudzivirira kuparara-kukonzeresa zvishwe kubva pakuumbwa, uye kufambisa traffic munzvimbo dzine dambudziko kuitira kuti vashandisi vekupedzisira vasatomboziva kana network yavo ikasangana nekuvhiringwa kwenguva pfupi sechikamu chezuva-ku-- mabasa ezuva. Zvichakadaro, kubackend, vatariri vanogona kuwedzera zvishandiso zvitsva kunetiweki yavo pasina kufunga kwakanyanya kuti vachakwanisa here kutaurirana nevamwe vese network kana yekunze.
Nekuda kwezvose izvo, zvingangoita kuti Spanning Tree icharamba ichishandiswa kwemakore mazhinji ari kuuya. Panogona kunge paine zvimwe zvidiki zvinogadziridzwa nguva nenguva, asi musimboti Spanning Tree Protocol uye ese akakosha maficha aanoita anogona kunge ari pano kuti agare.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-07-2023
